Understanding the Intersection of PTSD and Chronic Pain

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) and chronic pain often intersect, creating a complex web of physical and emotional suffering.

by Pamela Madsen | Feb 16, 2025

Distressed woman struggling with purging

As a licensed professional counselor, I’ve had the privilege of working with individuals facing various challenges, including PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) and chronic pain. These conditions often intersect, creating a complex web of physical and emotional suffering. Today, I want to explore this intersection and discuss how Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapy, an evidence-based approach, can offer a path to healing. Whether you’re personally affected or know someone who is, understanding these dynamics and therapeutic options is crucial.

The Connection Between PTSD and Chronic Pain

PTSD is a mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event. Chronic pain, on the other hand, is a long-lasting pain that persists beyond the usual recovery period or accompanies a chronic health condition.

Research has shown a significant overlap between PTSD and chronic pain. This connection is often due to the body’s heightened state of stress response following trauma. When the body is in a constant state of alertness, it can lead to muscle tension, inflammation, and other physiological changes that contribute to chronic pain. Moreover, chronic pain can become a daily reminder of trauma, exacerbating PTSD symptoms and creating a vicious cycle.

The Role of Internal Family Systems (IFS) Therapy

Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapy is a compassionate and non-pathologizing approach to psychotherapy. Developed by Dr. Richard Schwartz in the 1980s, IFS posits that the mind is made up of multiple sub-personalities or “parts,” each with its own perspective, interests, and memories. In the context of PTSD and chronic pain, these parts can include:

Exiled Parts: Often carry the burden of pain and trauma. These are the parts that hold traumatic memories and painful emotions.
Manager Parts: Work to prevent the exiled parts from being triggered. They often manifest as perfectionism, control, or avoidance behaviors.
Firefighter Parts: Emerge when the exiles are activated, trying to douse the emotional fires through behaviors like substance abuse, binge eating, or other compulsive actions.

IFS therapy aims to help individuals understand and heal these parts, fostering a sense of self-leadership. By acknowledging and compassionately interacting with each part, clients can reduce internal conflict and promote healing.

Why IFS Therapy for PTSD and Chronic Pain?

Holistic Approach: IFS does not treat PTSD and chronic pain as isolated issues. Instead, it addresses the whole person, including their emotional, physical, and spiritual dimensions.
Empowerment: Clients are seen as the “Self,” a core part of them that is compassionate, curious, and capable of leading their internal system. This empowers individuals to take an active role in their healing.
Safety and Compassion: IFS creates a safe space for clients to explore their inner world without judgment. This is crucial for individuals who have experienced trauma, as it helps them feel secure and understood.

Evidence Supporting IFS Therapy

Studies have shown promising results for IFS therapy in treating PTSD and related conditions. For instance, a study published in the Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma found that IFS therapy led to significant reductions in PTSD symptoms among combat veterans. Another study in the Journal of Clinical Psychology reported that IFS was effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression, which are often comorbid with chronic pain and PTSD.

A Call to Action

If you or someone you know is struggling with PTSD and chronic pain, consider exploring Internal Family Systems therapy as a potential treatment option. It’s important to work with a trained and licensed therapist who can guide you through this journey with empathy and professionalism.

How You Can Start:

Seek Professional Help: Look for therapists who are trained in IFS therapy and have experience working with trauma and chronic pain.
Educate Yourself: Understanding the basics of IFS therapy can empower you to be an active participant in your healing process.
Join a Support Group: Sharing experiences with others who understand what you’re going through can provide additional support and encouragement.

In conclusion, the intersection of PTSD and chronic pain is a complex and challenging area, but with the right approach, healing is possible. Internal Family Systems therapy offers a compassionate and effective way to address these intertwined issues, helping individuals reclaim their lives and find peace.

As a licensed professional counselor, I encourage you to take the first step towards healing. Reach out, seek help, and remember that you’re not alone on this journey. Together, we can navigate the path to recovery and well-being.

If you’re ready to explore IFS therapy or have any questions, please feel free to contact me. Let’s work together to unlock your potential for healing and growth.

Next Steps in Healing

How You Can Start:

Seek Professional Help: Look for therapists who are trained in IFS therapy and have experience working with trauma and chronic pain.
Educate Yourself: Understanding the basics of IFS therapy can empower you to be an active participant in your healing process.
Join a Support Group: Sharing experiences with others who understand what you’re going through can provide additional support and encouragement.

If you’re ready to explore IFS therapy or have any questions, please feel free to contact me. Let’s work together to unlock your potential for healing and growth.

I collaborate with my clients to identify and achieve their goals, build greater connections in relationships, and experience satisfaction in their lives.